ARCHITECTURAL TERMS

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ARCHITECTURAL TERMS

Adobe: A house made from sun-dried bricks of clay and straw.
Arch: A curved symmetrical structure spanning an opening and supporting the weight of bridge, roof wall.
Architecture: The word Architecture came to be used in English in 1563 and in 1581. An English writer defined architecture as science of building structure.
Barracks: A large building used to house soldiers.
Cantilever Bridge: A bridge supported by cantilevers or long arms projecting from the banks.
Chimney: A passage for the escape of smoke.
Colossus: A statue of very large size.
Column: A vertical, cylindrical support.
Court Yard: Paved space enclosed by a building.
Cupola: A small dome on a base crowning a roof.
Demolition: Dismantling or razing  of all or part of an existing improvement.
Dome: A rounded vault forming the roof of a building or structure.
Facade: The main exterior face of a building.
Frame: The stationary portion of window unit that is affixed to the facade and holds the sash or other operable portion of the window.
Grille: A decorative, open work grating, usually of iron, used to protect a window, door or other openings like roof boundaries.
Igloo: A house made of blocks of solid snow, built by Eskimos. The name means hot house “hot house”.
Lighting: The method or equipment for providing artificial illumination.
Lintel: A horizontal structural element over an opening which carries the weight of the wall above it.
Minaret: A tall slender turret attached to a MASJID surrounded with several balconies from which muezzin calls the people to prayers.
Parabola: A plane curve formed by intersection of cone with a plane parallel to its sides.
Paracola: A roof with small regular opening.
Parapet: A low wall that serves as a vertical barrier at the edge of a roof, terrace, or other raised area; in an exterior wall, the part entirely above the roof.
Pediment: A triangular upper part of the front of a classical building.
Pillar: A support column usually to a roof.
Porch: A roofed space outside the main support walls of a building.
Seraglio: Ancient residence of a Sultan of Turkey at Istanbul, especially the house or a place where women live.
Skyscraper: Building of great height constructed on a steel skeleton, a purely modern and almost exclusively American type of structure.
Stucco: A thing coating of plaster applied over exterior walls.
Vault: An arched roof.

Zareba: An African fort made of thorny bushes.

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